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Oracle行列转换小结

阅读更多

   blog迁移至 :http://www.micmiu.com

 

目录结构如下:

  • 行转列
  • 列转行

[一]、行转列

 

1.1、初始测试数据

 

表结构:TEST_TB_GRADE

 

create table TEST_TB_GRADE
(
  ID        NUMBER(10) not null,
  USER_NAME VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),
  COURSE    VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),
  SCORE     FLOAT
)

 初始数据如下图:


                       

 

1.2、 如果需要实现如下的查询效果图:


                    

 

这就是最常见的行转列,主要原理是利用decode函数、聚集函数(sum),结合group by分组实现的,具体的sql如下:

select t.user_name,
  sum(decode(t.course, '语文', score,null)) as CHINESE,
  sum(decode(t.course, '数学', score,null)) as MATH,
  sum(decode(t.course, '英语', score,null)) as ENGLISH
from test_tb_grade t
group by t.user_name
order by t.user_name
 

 

1.3、延伸

 

如果要实现对各门功课的不同分数段进行统计,效果图如下:


                

 

具体的实现sql如下:

select t2.SCORE_GP,
  sum(decode(t2.course, '语文', COUNTNUM,null)) as CHINESE,
  sum(decode(t2.course, '数学', COUNTNUM,null)) as MATH,
  sum(decode(t2.course, '英语', COUNTNUM,null)) as ENGLISH
from (
  select t.course,
         case when t.score  <60 then '00-60'
              when t.score >=60 and t.score <80  then '60-80'
              when t.score >=80 then '80-100' end as SCORE_GP,
         count(t.score) as COUNTNUM
  FROM test_tb_grade t
  group by t.course, 
        case when t.score  <60  then '00-60'
              when t.score >=60 and t.score <80  then '60-80'
              when t.score >=80 then '80-100' end
  order by t.course ) t2
group by t2.SCORE_GP
order by t2.SCORE_GP
 

[二]、列转行

 

1.1、初始测试数据

        表结构:TEST_TB_GRADE2

create table TEST_TB_GRADE2
(
  ID         NUMBER(10) not null,
  USER_NAME  VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),
  CN_SCORE   FLOAT,
  MATH_SCORE FLOAT,
  EN_SCORE   FLOAT
)
 

        初始数据如下图:


       

 

1.2、 如果需要实现如下的查询效果图:


                      

 

这就是最常见的列转行,主要原理是利用SQL里面的union,具体的sql语句如下:

select user_name, '语文' COURSE , CN_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2 
union select user_name, '数学' COURSE, MATH_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2 
union select user_name, '英语' COURSE, EN_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2 
order by user_name,COURSE 

 

 也可以利用【 insert all into ... select 】来实现,首先需要先建一个表TEST_TB_GRADE3:

create table TEST_TB_GRADE3  
    ( 
      USER_NAME VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),  
      COURSE    VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),  
      SCORE     FLOAT  
    )  

 再执行下面的sql:

 

insert all
into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, '语文', CN_SCORE)
into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, '数学', MATH_SCORE)
into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, '英语', EN_SCORE)
select user_name, CN_SCORE, MATH_SCORE, EN_SCORE from test_tb_grade2;
commit;

 别忘记commit操作,然后再查询TEST_TB_GRADE3,发现表中的数据就是列转成行了。

 

 

本文连接:http://sjsky.iteye.com/blog/1152167

 

 

转载请注明来自:Michael's blog @ http://sjsky.iteye.com

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评论
3 楼 k1280000 2012-03-31  
pivot
2 楼 sjsky 2011-08-20  
cectsky 写道
最近培训完才发现insert all的威力,见笑,本人不是搞仓库的..

本人也不是搞数据仓库的,只是用到 小结了下,不知仁兄培训的是哪方面的
1 楼 cectsky 2011-08-19  
最近培训完才发现insert all的威力,见笑,本人不是搞仓库的..

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